????? ???????????
?????? ??????? (????) ??????????? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? ????. ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? 1.72 × 10^8 ??????? ???24 ????? ?????? ??????? (?????? ? %% ??????? ???), ????? ???? ???????? ~ 31% ???. ???????? ?????????? ????? ??? ?? 2023 "??? ??????????" ?????? ??????? ~ 1.92 × 10^8 ?????? ???????, ????? ~ 56% (≈1.07 × 10^8 ???????) ?? ?????? ???? ???. ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? 53-54 ?????? ??????? ?? ????? (???. 2023 ????? 53.43 ?? ??? 2024 ????? 53.49 ????), ????: ???? ???. ????????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????? (????????????? ?????? 50%) ?????? ????? ????. ???24 ???? ??????????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ????????????? ?????? ??? (???24 ????+?.?% ???) ???? (??????? - ??????? ??? ????????? ????).
?????? ??????? ?????? ????? (??????/??????? ?????????? ???????????) ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???. ??????????, ?? ????? 2024 ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ~ $ 10.5 ?? ?? ??? ???? ??? 2034 (≈19.2% ???????) ?????? ~ 60.99 ?? ?????? ???????. ????????????, ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? (2024 ~ ???? $ 4.31 ??, ~ 41% ??????) ??? ????? ??????? 2023 ???? 10^8 ???????????? 2028 ?????? ~ 1.5 × 10^8 ?????? ????????? ??????? ???. ????????, ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? (???????? ????? ???????? ????? 10^8 ??????? ??? ??????).
????? ????????????? ??????
?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????????? - ??????? ????????? ????????????? ????. ????? ??????????? ?? ???????? ???:
-
?? - ???? ???????? (??????, 4 ?? - ?????): ??????? - ?? - ???? ??????????? (?????? ?????? ???????) ?????? ????? ???? - ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????????. 4 ?? ???????? ????????? ????? ????? ???? (????????? ???????? ???? ????????). ???????, ????? - ????? “???????” ?????? (???? ???? ??? - ????) ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????.
-
??? ??? ??? ????: ?? - ???????? ??? (???? ?????) ??? ?????? tics ????????? ?????? ????? ??? ????. ??? ????????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? - ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????. ????????? ???????? ??????, ??????? ??? ?????????? ??? ????? - ????????? ???? (????? ???, ?????? ???? ?.) ?? ??????? ??? ???? ????.
-
???? - ?????????? ??? ????? - ????? ??????: 8 ???? (4 ??) ????????? 4-5 ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ????. ?????? - ?????? ??? ????? - ?????? ??????? (???. ?? ?????? + ?? ????, ????? ??????? ??????) ?? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???. ???? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? - ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????????????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ????????????; ???? ?????? “??+???” ???????? ??????.
-
??? - ????/????????? ???????: ?????? - ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???. “???? - ??????” (????? - ??? ??? - ??????) ??? ??????? - ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ????. ???????????? ?????? ????????? ????? ????? ??????????? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????.
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?????? ?????????: ?????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????. ??????????, ??????? ????? - ???????????? (??? - ????? ??????? ???????) ???? ????. ????? “?????? ??????” ???????? (???????, ????????? ?. ???? ?????? ???????) ??????? ?????? ????? ?????. ????????, ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????? (??????? ????????, ???????, ??? ??????? ?.) ?? ??? ??? ????.
?????????? ????? ??? ??????????? ???????????
?????????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?????, ???? - ????????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????????????? ?????????????????? ?? ???????? ???:
-
?????? - ????????? ?????? ?????: ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ????? ???? ???. ?? ????????? ????????????? ??? 4 ?? ?????????????, ??????? ??????????? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ??????. ??????????, ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? - ????? ??????? ??????, ??? ??????? ??????? 4 ?? ??????? ??? ?????? - ????? “????? ??????” ?????? ?????? ????. ???? ? - ??????? ????? (?????, ????? ?.) ????? ??????????? ?????? ????????????? ?? ????.
-
?????? ???????? ???????: ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? (??????????, ???????, ?????) ??, ??? - ???? ??????? ???????????? ???. ?????? ????? ????/????? - ???? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????. ???????? ????? “????? - ??? ???? ??????” ??? ???? - ???????? ?????? ???? ??????????? ?????? ???? ???.
-
?????? - ????? ??? ???? ???????: ????? - ??? ??????? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ???. ?????? - ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? - ???????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? - ??? ?????. ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? - ??? ????? - ????? ???????? ???????????????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ???? ???. ???? ??????? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ?????? + ????? + ???? ???? ????? ?????.
-
DIY, ???? - & - ???? ??????????: ??????? ?????? ????? ???. ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? - ???? ????? ????, ????? ???? “??????? ??? ??? ??????” ?????? (??? - ?????, ??????????? ??????) ?? ??? ???? ????. ?????? ?????????? (???????, ????) ?????? ??? ???? ?????????? ????????? ?????????????? ???????? ???.
??????????? ???????? ??? ????????? ??????
????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? - ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????. ???????? ???? ????? (2023 ?????? ????) (??????.) ?????/??????? ???????? ????? 25.8%, ????? 14.2%, ??? 7.1%, ???? - ???? 6.7%, ??? 360 5.6%? (???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????.) ??????????? - 5, ????? ???? ????? (??????? ?????????????? ??????? - ????????) ?????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????. ???? - ???? ??????? ???????????? ????? ????? ?????????? ???? ?????, ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????.
| ????? (???) | ??????. ???????? ???? (2023) |
|---|---|
| ????? (???????) | ~ 25.8% |
| ????? | ~ 14.2% |
| ??? | ~ 7.1% |
| ???? - ???? | ~ 6.7% |
| 360 | ~ 5.6% |
?????: ??????? ?????????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????.
?? ?????? ?????, ???? ????? ?????? ??????????? ????. ??????????, ????? ?????> 130+ ????????? 150 ?????? ?????????????? ????? ???, ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? - ?? ????????????. ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????. ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????. (?????, ???? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ??????.) ?????, ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ???: ??????? ????/???????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ????????????? ??????????? ????. ???? ?????? ???????? (??????????? ?????, ????? ???????, ???? ?????) ?????? ????, ??????: ??? - ????? 4 ??/??????? ??????? ?????.
???? ??? ???????
????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ???. ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ??? - ????? ?????? ?????????? “?????? ???????? ??????” ???. ????????? ???????????? ??????? ???? (??????? ??????????, ????? ????, ????? ?????? ?????? ?.) ????????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????. ????????, ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? - ?????? ?????? ???????. ???????, ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? (??????: ????? ????????) ???????????? ???? ????. ??????? ????????? (??????+????????+??????) ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ?????.
???????:??????? ????? ???. ????????, ?????? - ??????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????. ??????? ?????????? ????????????????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? (???. ??????, ??? ??????????). ??????, ??????? -?????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ???????????? (???. ????, ?????) ???????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ????. ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ????: ??????? ?????? ???????, ???????????? ????????? ???? ??? ?????/????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ????????? ???. ?????????????? ??????? ????? - ???????? ???????? ???? ???; ???????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ???? ????? (?????? ???????, ??? tics ?????????) ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????.
??????, ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????????? ????? ???????????????? ???????? ??????? (?? - ????, ???, ?????????????) ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???. ???? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ????????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??? - ????? ???????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ???????????? ??? ???????????????? ???? ?????? ???.
?????: ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ???????????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??? ????????? ???????? ??? ???????????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ???.
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